Researching the Aspirational Images Traditionally Set by the Korean Beauty Industry and Ways to Democratize Beauty in South Korea.
Korean Beauty Standards
Due to the abundance and availability of makeup in South Korea, women wearing makeup has become an expectation and a social norm. An’s research conducted on 2017 on the rewards that are gained when someone is considered to be beautiful in Korea proves that women are motivated to wear makeup not only for self-satisfaction but due to rewards and societal pressures. An claims that in her surveys, women claimed that through wearing makeup, they can earn the reward of ‘looking pretty’, ‘covering flaws’, ‘taking care of oneself’, ‘has an impact on social life and economic activity’ and ‘positive impact during work’. On top of that, factors such as discrimination based on appearance for job opportunities and exaggeration from mass media have created a culture of lookism in South Korea which creates a societal norm that women are expected to wear makeup as a form of manner. The impact makeup has on South Korean women has now far reached from adornment and self-satisfaction to social rewards and economic activities.
The beauty standard of South Korea is clearly defined as there is one image that defines what is beautiful in South Korea. From 2017 March 10th to April 14th researcher Hyeon-kyeong An randomly conducted 320 surveys on those who live in Seoul or Gyeong-Ki. The questions consisted of 76 questions and among those, 11 were on one’s aspirational beauty image and facial shapes. In this study, a person with a round shaped face with pale skin, big eyes with double eyelids, and one with a round shaped head is the definition of a typical beautiful woman in South Korea.
Effect on Korean Women
Although aspiring to be beautiful is a natural human instinct, the pursuit of one ideal beauty image spread through mass media and consumption culture intensifies the efforts and obsession over creating a beautiful self for women in this era. The beauty image of South Korea has become a target of interest among Asians as a new beauty standard that represents Asian beauty. However, Korea had one of the lowest statistics when it comes to self-satisfaction. Over emphasizing beauty has created the culture of becoming dependent on looks.
The beauty standard of South Korea is pressuring women to conform to the standard of attractiveness, which could lead to seriously lowering one’s self-esteem when one is unable to do so. However, the meaning that the word ‘beauty’ implicates and its immanent values are very wide and the standard to define this attractiveness is different among cultures and has changed over time so redefining and democratizing beauty for Korean women is not an impossible goal.